Hans Rudolf "Ruedi" Giger (/ˈɡiːɡər/; born 5 February 1940) is a Swiss surrealist painter, sculptor, and set designer. He was part of the special effects team that won an Academy Award for Best Achievement for Visual Effects for their design work on the film Alien.[1][2] He was named to the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame in 2013.[3][4]
Life and career
Giger was born in 1940 in Chur, capital city of Graubünden, the largest and easternmost Swiss canton. His father, a chemist, viewed art as a "breadless profession" and strongly encouraged him to enter pharmaceutics, Giger recalls. Yet he moved in 1962 to Zürich, where he studied Architecture and industrial design at the School of Applied Arts until 1970.[5] Giger had a relationship with Swiss actress Li Tobler until she committed suicide in 1975. He married Mia Bonzanigo in 1979; they separated a year and a half later.
Giger's style and thematic execution have been influential. His design for the Alien was inspired by his painting Necronom IV and earned him an Oscar in 1980. His books of paintings, particularly Necronomicon and Necronomicon II (1985) and the frequent appearance of his art in Omni magazine continued his rise to international prominence.[5] Giger is also well known for artwork on several music recording albums.
In 1998 Giger acquired the Château St. Germain in Gruyères, Switzerland, and it now houses the H. R. Giger Museum, a permanent repository of his work.[6]
Style
Giger got his start with small ink drawings before progressing to oil paintings. For most of his career, Giger has worked predominantly in airbrush, creating monochromatic canvasses depicting surreal, nightmarish dreamscapes. However, he has now largely abandoned large airbrush works in favor of works with pastels, markers or ink.[5]
His most distinctive stylistic innovation is that of a representation of human bodies and machines in a cold, interconnected relationship, he described as "biomechanical". His paintings often display fetishistic sexual imagery[clarification needed][citation needed]. His main influences were painters Ernst Fuchs and Salvador Dalí. He met Salvador Dalí, to whom he was introduced by painter Robert Venosa. He was also a personal friend of Timothy Leary. Giger suffers from night terrors and his paintings are all to some extent inspired by his experiences with that particular sleep disorder. He studied interior and industrial design at the School of Commercial Art in Zurich (from 1962 to 1965) and made his first paintings as a means of art therapy.[5]
In 2007, Giger and his work were subjects of a 19-minute documentary, H.R. Giger's Sanctuary, which toured internationally and was released on DVD in May 2008.[7]
Influences
There are evidences that Giger was very influenced by the works of the American horror fiction writer H.P. Lovecraft, such as in his first compendium of images Necronomicon, which is a clear reference to Lovecraft's Necronomicon.
"This Academy Award-winning artist claims to be influenced by Lovecraft, and yet his number of explicitly Lovecraftian pieces of art are very few." [8]
Other works
In the 1960s and 1970s, Giger directed a number of films, including Swiss Made (1968), Tagtraum (1973), Giger's Necronomicon (1975) and Giger's Alien (1979).
Giger has created furniture designs, particularly the Harkonnen Capo Chair for a movie of the novel Dune that was to be directed by Alejandro Jodorowsky. Many years later, David Lynch directed the film, using only rough concepts by Giger. Giger had wished to work with Lynch,[9] as he states in one of his books that Lynch's film Eraserhead was closer than even Giger's own films to realizing his vision.[5]
Giger has applied his biomechanical style to interior design. One "Giger Bar" sprang up in Tokyo, but the realization of his designs were a great disappointment to the artist, since the Japanese organization behind the venture did not wait for his final designs, but decided to move ahead with nothing more than Giger's rough preliminary sketches. For that reason, Giger disowned the Tokyo Giger Bar and never set foot inside. Within a few years, the establishment was out of business.[citation needed] The two Giger Bars in his native Switzerland (in Gruyères and Chur), however, were built under Giger's close personal supervision and reflect his original concepts for them accurately. At The Limelight in Manhattan, Giger's artwork was licensed to decorate the VIP room, the uppermost chapel of the landmarked church, but it was never intended to be a permanent installation and bore no similarity to the real Giger Bars in Switzerland. The arrangement was terminated after two years when the Limelight closed its doors.[10] As of 2009 only the two authentic Swiss Giger Bars remain.
His art has greatly influenced tattooists and fetishists worldwide. Under a licensing deal Ibanez guitars released an H. R. Giger signature series: the Ibanez ICHRG2, an Ibanez Iceman, features "NY City VI", the Ibanez RGTHRG1 has "NY City XI" printed on it, the S Series SHRG1Z has a metal-coated engraving of "Biomechanical Matrix" on it, and a 4-string SRX bass, SRXHRG1, has "N.Y. City X" on it.[5]
Giger is often referred to in pop culture, especially in science fiction and cyberpunk. William Gibson (who wrote an early script for Alien 3) seems particularly fascinated: a minor character in Virtual Light, Lowell, is described as having New York XXIV tattooed across his back, and in Idoru a secondary character, Yamazaki, describes the buildings of nanotech Japan as Giger-esque.
Movies
Dune (designs for unproduced Alejandro Jodorowsky adaptation of the Frank Herbert novel; the movie Dune was later made in an adaptation by David Lynch.)
Alien (designed, among other things, the Alien itself, "The Derelict" and the "Space Jockey")
Aliens
Alien 3 (designed the dog-like Alien bodyshape, plus a number of unused concepts, many mentioned on the special features disc of Alien 3)
Alien Resurrection
Poltergeist II: The Other Side
Killer Condom
Species (designed Sil and the Ghost train in a dream sequence)
Batman Forever (designed radically different envisioning of the Batmobile; design not used in the film)
Future-Kill (designed artwork for the movie poster)
Tokyo: The Last Megalopolis (creature designs)
Prometheus (the film includes "The Derelict" spacecraft and the "Space Jockey" designs from the first Alien film, as well as original extraterrestrial murals created exclusively for the new movie. Unlike Alien Resurrection the film credited H. R. Giger with the original designs.)[11]
Work for recording artists
Celtic Frost: To Mega Therion
Magma: Attahk
Emerson, Lake & Palmer: Brain Salad Surgery (1973)
Steve Stevens' Atomic Playboys
Mylène Farmer: Mylenium Tour (1999, sculpture of Isis on stage)
Deborah Harry, portraits for Koo Koo album cover and videos "Backfired" and "Now I Know You Know" (1981)
Clepsydra: Hologram (1991, holographed sculpture for the cover)
hide: Hide Your Face
Carcass: Heartwork
Danzig: Danzig III: How the Gods Kill
Dead Kennedys' album Frankenchrist, Poster insert of Landscape XX (which led to an obscenity trial)
Atrocity – Hallucinations
Black Sun Productions
Island: Pictures[12]
SHINE[disambiguation needed] - Inthecentre (1996, tonal compositions of HR Giger pictures by Schahram Poursoudmand / Lichtschrei)
Korn's Jonathan Davis commissioned Giger to design and sculpt a microphone stand, with the requirement that it be biomechanical, erotic, and movable. The contract allowed for five aluminium microphone stands to be made, but Davis purchased only two of the three he was entitled to. The design of the microphone stand was later adapted to Giger's "Nubian Queen" transforming it into a fine art sculpture.[13]
Designed the stage for Mylène Farmer's 1999 "Mylenium" tour.
Blondie's Chris Stein commissioned Lieber Guitars to create Stein's unique "Gigerstein" guitar based roughly on Giger's artwork, but without Giger's direct involvement.
Helped to design the first professional video clip of "Böhse Onkelz" called "Dunkler Ort" (dark location) from their album "Ein böses Märchen ... aus tausend finsteren Nächten", which was released in 2000.
Ibanez Guitars has released second generation of H. R. Giger Signature Models hr giger RG & hr giger S series with legacy artwork on the guitar body, second generation of 4-string guitar bass SRXHRG1 also released with the same concept.
Triptykon – Eparistera Daimones[14] - this cover used the same image that was earlier used for the cover of "Stillbirth Machine" by Order from Chaos.
Interior decoration
Giger Bars in Switzerland's Chur and Gruyères
Maison d'Ailleurs (House of Elsewhere) in Yverdon-Les-Bains
Museum H. R. Giger in Gruyères
Computer games
Dark Seed and its sequel, Dark Seed II, both adventure games for the Amiga, Amiga CD32, Macintosh and the PC, were published by Cyberdreams. The games were also released for the PlayStation and Saturn in Japan.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._R._Giger
Life and career
Giger was born in 1940 in Chur, capital city of Graubünden, the largest and easternmost Swiss canton. His father, a chemist, viewed art as a "breadless profession" and strongly encouraged him to enter pharmaceutics, Giger recalls. Yet he moved in 1962 to Zürich, where he studied Architecture and industrial design at the School of Applied Arts until 1970.[5] Giger had a relationship with Swiss actress Li Tobler until she committed suicide in 1975. He married Mia Bonzanigo in 1979; they separated a year and a half later.
Giger's style and thematic execution have been influential. His design for the Alien was inspired by his painting Necronom IV and earned him an Oscar in 1980. His books of paintings, particularly Necronomicon and Necronomicon II (1985) and the frequent appearance of his art in Omni magazine continued his rise to international prominence.[5] Giger is also well known for artwork on several music recording albums.
In 1998 Giger acquired the Château St. Germain in Gruyères, Switzerland, and it now houses the H. R. Giger Museum, a permanent repository of his work.[6]
Style
Giger got his start with small ink drawings before progressing to oil paintings. For most of his career, Giger has worked predominantly in airbrush, creating monochromatic canvasses depicting surreal, nightmarish dreamscapes. However, he has now largely abandoned large airbrush works in favor of works with pastels, markers or ink.[5]
His most distinctive stylistic innovation is that of a representation of human bodies and machines in a cold, interconnected relationship, he described as "biomechanical". His paintings often display fetishistic sexual imagery[clarification needed][citation needed]. His main influences were painters Ernst Fuchs and Salvador Dalí. He met Salvador Dalí, to whom he was introduced by painter Robert Venosa. He was also a personal friend of Timothy Leary. Giger suffers from night terrors and his paintings are all to some extent inspired by his experiences with that particular sleep disorder. He studied interior and industrial design at the School of Commercial Art in Zurich (from 1962 to 1965) and made his first paintings as a means of art therapy.[5]
In 2007, Giger and his work were subjects of a 19-minute documentary, H.R. Giger's Sanctuary, which toured internationally and was released on DVD in May 2008.[7]
Influences
There are evidences that Giger was very influenced by the works of the American horror fiction writer H.P. Lovecraft, such as in his first compendium of images Necronomicon, which is a clear reference to Lovecraft's Necronomicon.
"This Academy Award-winning artist claims to be influenced by Lovecraft, and yet his number of explicitly Lovecraftian pieces of art are very few." [8]
Other works
In the 1960s and 1970s, Giger directed a number of films, including Swiss Made (1968), Tagtraum (1973), Giger's Necronomicon (1975) and Giger's Alien (1979).
Giger has created furniture designs, particularly the Harkonnen Capo Chair for a movie of the novel Dune that was to be directed by Alejandro Jodorowsky. Many years later, David Lynch directed the film, using only rough concepts by Giger. Giger had wished to work with Lynch,[9] as he states in one of his books that Lynch's film Eraserhead was closer than even Giger's own films to realizing his vision.[5]
Giger has applied his biomechanical style to interior design. One "Giger Bar" sprang up in Tokyo, but the realization of his designs were a great disappointment to the artist, since the Japanese organization behind the venture did not wait for his final designs, but decided to move ahead with nothing more than Giger's rough preliminary sketches. For that reason, Giger disowned the Tokyo Giger Bar and never set foot inside. Within a few years, the establishment was out of business.[citation needed] The two Giger Bars in his native Switzerland (in Gruyères and Chur), however, were built under Giger's close personal supervision and reflect his original concepts for them accurately. At The Limelight in Manhattan, Giger's artwork was licensed to decorate the VIP room, the uppermost chapel of the landmarked church, but it was never intended to be a permanent installation and bore no similarity to the real Giger Bars in Switzerland. The arrangement was terminated after two years when the Limelight closed its doors.[10] As of 2009 only the two authentic Swiss Giger Bars remain.
His art has greatly influenced tattooists and fetishists worldwide. Under a licensing deal Ibanez guitars released an H. R. Giger signature series: the Ibanez ICHRG2, an Ibanez Iceman, features "NY City VI", the Ibanez RGTHRG1 has "NY City XI" printed on it, the S Series SHRG1Z has a metal-coated engraving of "Biomechanical Matrix" on it, and a 4-string SRX bass, SRXHRG1, has "N.Y. City X" on it.[5]
Giger is often referred to in pop culture, especially in science fiction and cyberpunk. William Gibson (who wrote an early script for Alien 3) seems particularly fascinated: a minor character in Virtual Light, Lowell, is described as having New York XXIV tattooed across his back, and in Idoru a secondary character, Yamazaki, describes the buildings of nanotech Japan as Giger-esque.
Movies
Dune (designs for unproduced Alejandro Jodorowsky adaptation of the Frank Herbert novel; the movie Dune was later made in an adaptation by David Lynch.)
Alien (designed, among other things, the Alien itself, "The Derelict" and the "Space Jockey")
Aliens
Alien 3 (designed the dog-like Alien bodyshape, plus a number of unused concepts, many mentioned on the special features disc of Alien 3)
Alien Resurrection
Poltergeist II: The Other Side
Killer Condom
Species (designed Sil and the Ghost train in a dream sequence)
Batman Forever (designed radically different envisioning of the Batmobile; design not used in the film)
Future-Kill (designed artwork for the movie poster)
Tokyo: The Last Megalopolis (creature designs)
Prometheus (the film includes "The Derelict" spacecraft and the "Space Jockey" designs from the first Alien film, as well as original extraterrestrial murals created exclusively for the new movie. Unlike Alien Resurrection the film credited H. R. Giger with the original designs.)[11]
Work for recording artists
Celtic Frost: To Mega Therion
Magma: Attahk
Emerson, Lake & Palmer: Brain Salad Surgery (1973)
Steve Stevens' Atomic Playboys
Mylène Farmer: Mylenium Tour (1999, sculpture of Isis on stage)
Deborah Harry, portraits for Koo Koo album cover and videos "Backfired" and "Now I Know You Know" (1981)
Clepsydra: Hologram (1991, holographed sculpture for the cover)
hide: Hide Your Face
Carcass: Heartwork
Danzig: Danzig III: How the Gods Kill
Dead Kennedys' album Frankenchrist, Poster insert of Landscape XX (which led to an obscenity trial)
Atrocity – Hallucinations
Black Sun Productions
Island: Pictures[12]
SHINE[disambiguation needed] - Inthecentre (1996, tonal compositions of HR Giger pictures by Schahram Poursoudmand / Lichtschrei)
Korn's Jonathan Davis commissioned Giger to design and sculpt a microphone stand, with the requirement that it be biomechanical, erotic, and movable. The contract allowed for five aluminium microphone stands to be made, but Davis purchased only two of the three he was entitled to. The design of the microphone stand was later adapted to Giger's "Nubian Queen" transforming it into a fine art sculpture.[13]
Designed the stage for Mylène Farmer's 1999 "Mylenium" tour.
Blondie's Chris Stein commissioned Lieber Guitars to create Stein's unique "Gigerstein" guitar based roughly on Giger's artwork, but without Giger's direct involvement.
Helped to design the first professional video clip of "Böhse Onkelz" called "Dunkler Ort" (dark location) from their album "Ein böses Märchen ... aus tausend finsteren Nächten", which was released in 2000.
Ibanez Guitars has released second generation of H. R. Giger Signature Models hr giger RG & hr giger S series with legacy artwork on the guitar body, second generation of 4-string guitar bass SRXHRG1 also released with the same concept.
Triptykon – Eparistera Daimones[14] - this cover used the same image that was earlier used for the cover of "Stillbirth Machine" by Order from Chaos.
Interior decoration
Giger Bars in Switzerland's Chur and Gruyères
Maison d'Ailleurs (House of Elsewhere) in Yverdon-Les-Bains
Museum H. R. Giger in Gruyères
Computer games
Dark Seed and its sequel, Dark Seed II, both adventure games for the Amiga, Amiga CD32, Macintosh and the PC, were published by Cyberdreams. The games were also released for the PlayStation and Saturn in Japan.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._R._Giger
Hans Ruedi Giger, también llamado Hans Rudolf Giger, es un artista gráfico y escultor nacido el 5 de febrero de 1940 en Coira, Cantón de los Grisones, Suiza. Es más conocido por sus colaboraciones en el mundo del cine, más específicamente en la serie fílmica de Alien. Es amigo personal de Timothy Leary.
Biografía
En 1966 comenzó a trabajar como diseñador de interiores. A partir de 1968 Giger se dedicó exclusivamente al arte y sus primeras obras fueron publicadas hacia 1969, participando también en la parte artística de algún cortometraje, como Swissmade - 2068 (Fredi M. Muller, 1969). Durante esa época mantuvo una relación con la artista Li Tobler, con quien que grabaría varios cortos. El suicidio de su amada en 1975 marcó para siempre la obra de Giger. Se casó con Mia Bonzanigo en 1979, separándose de la misma un año y medio después.
Conocido entre el gran público por diseñar y desarrollar junto a Carlo Rambaldi la criatura y algunos escenarios de la película Alien, el octavo pasajero de Ridley Scott (1979, basándose en sus propias obras pictóricas anteriores, como "Necronom V") por la que le concedieron en 1980 el Oscar al mejor diseño de escenarios.
En el ámbito cinematográfico también se encargó del diseño del lado oscuro de Poltergeist II (Brian Gibson, 1986), quedando bastante desilusionado del tratamiento que se le dio en la película a sus diseños.1 Posteriormente colaboró secundariamente y tras prestarse voluntario, en los diseños de Alien 3 (David Fincher, 1992), ya que James Cameron rechazó su participación para los diseños de Aliens, el regreso (1986). También participó en la parte estética de otras películas, como Species (Roger Donaldson, 1995) siendo sus trabajos usados en las portadas de muchos libros y discos. Asimismo, ha realizado trabajos para videojuegos como Dark Seed (1992) y Dark Seed II (1995), aventuras gráficas de ambientación lovecraftiana.
Su trabajo más reciente en el ámbito cinematográfico es en la película Prometheus, estrenada en 2012, para la que Ridley Scott contó con Giger para diseñar murales que aparecerían como algunos de los primeros artefactos del mundo alien en la película.2
Existe un museo dedicado a H. R. Giger en la ciudad de Gruyères, en Friburgo, Suiza.
Li II
Esta figura biomecánica constituye la piedra angular de su fama. McFarlane Toys trabajó muy de cerca con H.R. Giger para crear la clásica pintura de Giger, Li II.3
Estilo
Giger ha utilizado mayormente el aerógrafo creando imágenes surrealistas y paisajes de pesadilla. Destaca también su mezcla de representaciones de cuerpos humanos mezclados con máquinas, descritas por él como Biomecanoides. Estas imágenes contienen un alto grado de fetichismo a la vez que añade simbología sexual un tanto subliminal. En su obra podemos encontrar la influencia de artistas como Erns Fuchs, Jean Cocteau y Salvador Dalí.
Participación
Participación en películas
1979 - Alien, el octavo pasajero (diseño de criaturas y escenarios)
1985 - Future-Kill (realización de la portada)
1985 - Diseño de la "Cloudbusting Machine" en el videoclip Cloudbusting de Kate Bush
1986 - Poltergeist II (diseño de criaturas y escenarios)
1988 - Tokio: The Last Megalopolis (diseño de criaturas y escenarios)
1992 - Alien III (colaboraciones diversas)
1995 - Species (diseño de criaturas)
1996 - Kondom des Grauens (consultor creativo)
2012 - Prometheus4
Proyectos:
1976 - Dune (abortado proyecto que iba a ser dirigido por Alejandro Jodorowsky)
1995 - Batman Forever (diseño del Batmóvil, pero la Warner finalmente rechazó el diseño)
Participación en portadas de discos
1973 - Emerson, Lake and Palmer – Brain Salad Surgery
1977 - Magma – Attahk
1981 - Debbie Harry – KooKoo
1985 - Celtic Frost – To Mega Therion
1985 - Dead Kennedys - Frankenchrist (la banda se vio obligada a cambiar la portada -la obra se titulaba Penis Landscape-, debido a un problema legal por "distribuir material obsceno a menores")
1989 - Steve Stevens – Atomic Playboys
1990 - Atrocity – Hallucinations
1992 - Danzig – III: How The Gods Kill
1994 - Carcass – Heartwork
1994 - hide - Hide Your Face
1999 - Dr. Death - Somewhere in nowhere (Birthmachine)
2010 - Triptykon - Eparistera Daimones
Bibliografía
1971 - ARh+
1974 - Passagen
1976 - HR Giger bei Sydow-Zirkwitz (Catálogo)
1977 - HR Giger's Necronomicon 1 (ISBN 3-85591-019-7)
1980 - Giger’s Alien (ISBN 3-89082-528-1)
1981 - HR Giger’s New York City
1984 - Retrospective 1964–1984 (Catálogo)
1985 - HR Giger's Necronomicon 2 (ISBN 3-85591-020-0)
1988 - HR Giger's Biomechanics (ISBN 978-3-89082-871-8)
1991 - HR Giger ARh+ (ISBN 3-8228-1317-6)
1992 - Skizzen 1985
1993 - Watch Abart ’93 (Catálogo)
1995 - Species Design
1996 - HR Giger's Filmdesign (ISBN 978-3-89082-583-0)
1996 - www HRGiger com
1996 - Visioni di fine millennio (Catálogo)
1998 - Monsters from the ID
1998 - The Mystery of San Gottardo
2002 - Icons „HR Giger“
2004 - Le Monde Selon HR Giger (Catálogo)
2005 - HR Giger in Prague (Catálogo)
2006 - Giger in Wien (Catálogo, ISBN 3-901247-15-7)
2007 - HR Giger: Escultura, grafica i disseny (Catálogo)
Exposiciones
Individuales
1966 - Galerie Benno, Zúrich.
1968 - Galerie vor der Klostermauer, Sant Gallen.
1969 - Biomechanoiden. Galerie Platte 27, Zúrich.
1970 - Passagen. Galerie Bischofberger, Zúrich.
1973 - Galerie Stummer und Hubsschmid, Zúrich.
1975 - Passagen Tempel. Bündner Kunsthaus, Kunsthaus Coira.
1976 - Galería Sydow- Zirkwitz, Fráncfort del Meno.
1980 - Werke zum Film Alien. Hansen galleries, Nueva York.
1980 - HR Giger sul tema dell' erotismo. Galerie Baviera, Cavigliano.
1984 - The Dune You Will Never See. Limelight, Nueva York.
1984 - HR Giger Retrospektive. Seedamm-Kulturzentrum, Pfäffikon.
1988 - Expanded Drawings. Galería Art magazin, Zúrich.
1988 - Graphic works. Galerie Petersen Rorschach, Berlín.
1990 - Alien dans ses Muebles. Château de Gruyères, Gruyères.
1993 - Watch-Abart. Alexander Gallery, Nueva York.
1993 - Retrospective. Galerie Humus, Lausana.
1993 - Retrospective and works for Alien and Alien 3. Museum Baviera, Zúrich.
1996 - Visioni di fine millenio. Palazzo Bagatti Valsecchi, Milán.
2002 - NYC 2002. Fuse Gallery, Nueva York.
2004 - Le monde selon H.R. Giger. Halle Saint-Pierre, París.
2005 - H.R. Giger in Prague. Beyond the good. Národní technické muzeum v Praze, Praga.
2005 - Gigerrotique. Art at Large, Nueva York.
2006 - Giger in Wien. Kunsthauswien, Viena.
2007 - H.R. Giger Spaces. Galerie Hilt, Basilea.
2007 - H.R. Giger: Das Shaffen vor Alien, 1961-1976. Bündner kunstmuseum, Coira.
2007 - H.R. Giger: Escultura, grafica i disseny. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. Valencia.
2009 - H.R. Giger. Kunst – Design – Film. Deutsche Filmmuseum, Fráncfort del Meno.
2009 - H.R. Giger. Restrospective. Sala de exposiciones Kubo Kutxa, San Sebastián.
Colectivas
1962 - Galerie Stürchler, Basilea.
1967 - Matcht der Maske. Galerie Obere Zäune, Zúrich.
1968 - Science-Fiction. Kunsthalle, Berna.
1968 - Hommenage à Che. Galerie Stummer und Hubsschmid, Zúrich.
1969 - Phantastische Figuration in der Schweiz. Helmhaus, Zúrich.
1970 - Galerie Aurora, Ginebra.
1971 - The Swiss Avant-Garde. Cultural Center, Nueva York.
1972 - Contemporary Swiss Art. Tel Aviv.
1973 - Stadt in der Schweiz. Biennale im Kunsthaus, Zúrich.
1974 - Tagtraum. Bündner Kunsthaus, Coira.
1975 - Schuhwerke. Galerie Li Tobler, Zúrich.
1975 - Le Diable. Galerie Bijan Aalam, París.
1976 - Fantastisch Realisme. Galerie Kamp, Ámsterdam.
1976 - Le Vampire. Galerie Bijam Aalam, París.
1978 - Images of Horror and Fantsay. Bronx Museum, Nueva York.
1980 - Transport, Verkehr, Umwelt. Helmhaus, Zúrich.
1980 - Art Expo West. Hansen Galleries, Los Ángeles.
1983 - Eros und Todestrieb. Galerie Hartmann, Villa Stuck, Múnich.
1987 - Fête des Morts. Galerie Basta, Lausana.
1987 - Alien Works. Shibuya Seed Hall, Tokio.
1991 - Les Incunnues. Galerie Humus, Lausana.
1991 - Giger's Library Room. Maison d'Ailleurs, Yverdon-les-Bains.
1993 - Le Tarot. Château de Gruyères, Gruyères.
1994 - Lucifers Rising. Galerie Mangisch, Zúrich.
1994 - Le Sexe de Anges. Galerie Humus, Lausana.
1995 - Les Anges. Stardom Galerie, París.
1995 - Magie Noire. Galerie Rivolta, Lausana.
1995 - Le Zodiaque des signes dans votre ciel. Château de Gruyères, Gruyères.
1996 - Erotika. Kunsthaus, Zúrich.
1998 - Phantastischer Realismus. Museum Otaru, Sapporo.
1998 - International Artists' Peep Show. CFM Gallery, Nueva York.
2000 - Phantastik am Ende der Zeit. Stadtmuseum Erlangen.
2005 - The Inner Eye. InterArt Gallery, Nueva York.
2006 - In the Alps. Kunsthaus, Zúrich.
2006 - Draw. Fuse Gallery, Nueva York.
2007 - Eight Annual International Erotic Exhibition. Dirty Show. Detroit.
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._R._Giger
Biografía
En 1966 comenzó a trabajar como diseñador de interiores. A partir de 1968 Giger se dedicó exclusivamente al arte y sus primeras obras fueron publicadas hacia 1969, participando también en la parte artística de algún cortometraje, como Swissmade - 2068 (Fredi M. Muller, 1969). Durante esa época mantuvo una relación con la artista Li Tobler, con quien que grabaría varios cortos. El suicidio de su amada en 1975 marcó para siempre la obra de Giger. Se casó con Mia Bonzanigo en 1979, separándose de la misma un año y medio después.
Conocido entre el gran público por diseñar y desarrollar junto a Carlo Rambaldi la criatura y algunos escenarios de la película Alien, el octavo pasajero de Ridley Scott (1979, basándose en sus propias obras pictóricas anteriores, como "Necronom V") por la que le concedieron en 1980 el Oscar al mejor diseño de escenarios.
En el ámbito cinematográfico también se encargó del diseño del lado oscuro de Poltergeist II (Brian Gibson, 1986), quedando bastante desilusionado del tratamiento que se le dio en la película a sus diseños.1 Posteriormente colaboró secundariamente y tras prestarse voluntario, en los diseños de Alien 3 (David Fincher, 1992), ya que James Cameron rechazó su participación para los diseños de Aliens, el regreso (1986). También participó en la parte estética de otras películas, como Species (Roger Donaldson, 1995) siendo sus trabajos usados en las portadas de muchos libros y discos. Asimismo, ha realizado trabajos para videojuegos como Dark Seed (1992) y Dark Seed II (1995), aventuras gráficas de ambientación lovecraftiana.
Su trabajo más reciente en el ámbito cinematográfico es en la película Prometheus, estrenada en 2012, para la que Ridley Scott contó con Giger para diseñar murales que aparecerían como algunos de los primeros artefactos del mundo alien en la película.2
Existe un museo dedicado a H. R. Giger en la ciudad de Gruyères, en Friburgo, Suiza.
Li II
Esta figura biomecánica constituye la piedra angular de su fama. McFarlane Toys trabajó muy de cerca con H.R. Giger para crear la clásica pintura de Giger, Li II.3
Estilo
Giger ha utilizado mayormente el aerógrafo creando imágenes surrealistas y paisajes de pesadilla. Destaca también su mezcla de representaciones de cuerpos humanos mezclados con máquinas, descritas por él como Biomecanoides. Estas imágenes contienen un alto grado de fetichismo a la vez que añade simbología sexual un tanto subliminal. En su obra podemos encontrar la influencia de artistas como Erns Fuchs, Jean Cocteau y Salvador Dalí.
Participación
Participación en películas
1979 - Alien, el octavo pasajero (diseño de criaturas y escenarios)
1985 - Future-Kill (realización de la portada)
1985 - Diseño de la "Cloudbusting Machine" en el videoclip Cloudbusting de Kate Bush
1986 - Poltergeist II (diseño de criaturas y escenarios)
1988 - Tokio: The Last Megalopolis (diseño de criaturas y escenarios)
1992 - Alien III (colaboraciones diversas)
1995 - Species (diseño de criaturas)
1996 - Kondom des Grauens (consultor creativo)
2012 - Prometheus4
Proyectos:
1976 - Dune (abortado proyecto que iba a ser dirigido por Alejandro Jodorowsky)
1995 - Batman Forever (diseño del Batmóvil, pero la Warner finalmente rechazó el diseño)
Participación en portadas de discos
1973 - Emerson, Lake and Palmer – Brain Salad Surgery
1977 - Magma – Attahk
1981 - Debbie Harry – KooKoo
1985 - Celtic Frost – To Mega Therion
1985 - Dead Kennedys - Frankenchrist (la banda se vio obligada a cambiar la portada -la obra se titulaba Penis Landscape-, debido a un problema legal por "distribuir material obsceno a menores")
1989 - Steve Stevens – Atomic Playboys
1990 - Atrocity – Hallucinations
1992 - Danzig – III: How The Gods Kill
1994 - Carcass – Heartwork
1994 - hide - Hide Your Face
1999 - Dr. Death - Somewhere in nowhere (Birthmachine)
2010 - Triptykon - Eparistera Daimones
Bibliografía
1971 - ARh+
1974 - Passagen
1976 - HR Giger bei Sydow-Zirkwitz (Catálogo)
1977 - HR Giger's Necronomicon 1 (ISBN 3-85591-019-7)
1980 - Giger’s Alien (ISBN 3-89082-528-1)
1981 - HR Giger’s New York City
1984 - Retrospective 1964–1984 (Catálogo)
1985 - HR Giger's Necronomicon 2 (ISBN 3-85591-020-0)
1988 - HR Giger's Biomechanics (ISBN 978-3-89082-871-8)
1991 - HR Giger ARh+ (ISBN 3-8228-1317-6)
1992 - Skizzen 1985
1993 - Watch Abart ’93 (Catálogo)
1995 - Species Design
1996 - HR Giger's Filmdesign (ISBN 978-3-89082-583-0)
1996 - www HRGiger com
1996 - Visioni di fine millennio (Catálogo)
1998 - Monsters from the ID
1998 - The Mystery of San Gottardo
2002 - Icons „HR Giger“
2004 - Le Monde Selon HR Giger (Catálogo)
2005 - HR Giger in Prague (Catálogo)
2006 - Giger in Wien (Catálogo, ISBN 3-901247-15-7)
2007 - HR Giger: Escultura, grafica i disseny (Catálogo)
Exposiciones
Individuales
1966 - Galerie Benno, Zúrich.
1968 - Galerie vor der Klostermauer, Sant Gallen.
1969 - Biomechanoiden. Galerie Platte 27, Zúrich.
1970 - Passagen. Galerie Bischofberger, Zúrich.
1973 - Galerie Stummer und Hubsschmid, Zúrich.
1975 - Passagen Tempel. Bündner Kunsthaus, Kunsthaus Coira.
1976 - Galería Sydow- Zirkwitz, Fráncfort del Meno.
1980 - Werke zum Film Alien. Hansen galleries, Nueva York.
1980 - HR Giger sul tema dell' erotismo. Galerie Baviera, Cavigliano.
1984 - The Dune You Will Never See. Limelight, Nueva York.
1984 - HR Giger Retrospektive. Seedamm-Kulturzentrum, Pfäffikon.
1988 - Expanded Drawings. Galería Art magazin, Zúrich.
1988 - Graphic works. Galerie Petersen Rorschach, Berlín.
1990 - Alien dans ses Muebles. Château de Gruyères, Gruyères.
1993 - Watch-Abart. Alexander Gallery, Nueva York.
1993 - Retrospective. Galerie Humus, Lausana.
1993 - Retrospective and works for Alien and Alien 3. Museum Baviera, Zúrich.
1996 - Visioni di fine millenio. Palazzo Bagatti Valsecchi, Milán.
2002 - NYC 2002. Fuse Gallery, Nueva York.
2004 - Le monde selon H.R. Giger. Halle Saint-Pierre, París.
2005 - H.R. Giger in Prague. Beyond the good. Národní technické muzeum v Praze, Praga.
2005 - Gigerrotique. Art at Large, Nueva York.
2006 - Giger in Wien. Kunsthauswien, Viena.
2007 - H.R. Giger Spaces. Galerie Hilt, Basilea.
2007 - H.R. Giger: Das Shaffen vor Alien, 1961-1976. Bündner kunstmuseum, Coira.
2007 - H.R. Giger: Escultura, grafica i disseny. Universidad Politécnica de Valencia. Valencia.
2009 - H.R. Giger. Kunst – Design – Film. Deutsche Filmmuseum, Fráncfort del Meno.
2009 - H.R. Giger. Restrospective. Sala de exposiciones Kubo Kutxa, San Sebastián.
Colectivas
1962 - Galerie Stürchler, Basilea.
1967 - Matcht der Maske. Galerie Obere Zäune, Zúrich.
1968 - Science-Fiction. Kunsthalle, Berna.
1968 - Hommenage à Che. Galerie Stummer und Hubsschmid, Zúrich.
1969 - Phantastische Figuration in der Schweiz. Helmhaus, Zúrich.
1970 - Galerie Aurora, Ginebra.
1971 - The Swiss Avant-Garde. Cultural Center, Nueva York.
1972 - Contemporary Swiss Art. Tel Aviv.
1973 - Stadt in der Schweiz. Biennale im Kunsthaus, Zúrich.
1974 - Tagtraum. Bündner Kunsthaus, Coira.
1975 - Schuhwerke. Galerie Li Tobler, Zúrich.
1975 - Le Diable. Galerie Bijan Aalam, París.
1976 - Fantastisch Realisme. Galerie Kamp, Ámsterdam.
1976 - Le Vampire. Galerie Bijam Aalam, París.
1978 - Images of Horror and Fantsay. Bronx Museum, Nueva York.
1980 - Transport, Verkehr, Umwelt. Helmhaus, Zúrich.
1980 - Art Expo West. Hansen Galleries, Los Ángeles.
1983 - Eros und Todestrieb. Galerie Hartmann, Villa Stuck, Múnich.
1987 - Fête des Morts. Galerie Basta, Lausana.
1987 - Alien Works. Shibuya Seed Hall, Tokio.
1991 - Les Incunnues. Galerie Humus, Lausana.
1991 - Giger's Library Room. Maison d'Ailleurs, Yverdon-les-Bains.
1993 - Le Tarot. Château de Gruyères, Gruyères.
1994 - Lucifers Rising. Galerie Mangisch, Zúrich.
1994 - Le Sexe de Anges. Galerie Humus, Lausana.
1995 - Les Anges. Stardom Galerie, París.
1995 - Magie Noire. Galerie Rivolta, Lausana.
1995 - Le Zodiaque des signes dans votre ciel. Château de Gruyères, Gruyères.
1996 - Erotika. Kunsthaus, Zúrich.
1998 - Phantastischer Realismus. Museum Otaru, Sapporo.
1998 - International Artists' Peep Show. CFM Gallery, Nueva York.
2000 - Phantastik am Ende der Zeit. Stadtmuseum Erlangen.
2005 - The Inner Eye. InterArt Gallery, Nueva York.
2006 - In the Alps. Kunsthaus, Zúrich.
2006 - Draw. Fuse Gallery, Nueva York.
2007 - Eight Annual International Erotic Exhibition. Dirty Show. Detroit.
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._R._Giger
Links
Bernie Wrightson
Brian Froud
Chris Moore
Cris
Moore site
Gerald Brom
Mark Harrison
Michael Parkes
Cartoon - Historieta: H. R. Giger - Alien - Part 1 - Bio data - Links
Ricardo M Marcenaro - Facebook
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